popular news outlets image
kreacher92
i'd love to have a popular vote, but until that day comes the polls don't mean jack electorally. can't they break it up state by state. now some news outlets report they expected outcomes in swing states as the info changes, but it just seems like they need to ditch the statistic as a whole.
when the margin of error is already atrocious, it seems we should at least make sure we actually know what we are counting.
Answer
Polls are in Percentages (& probably always WILL BE), because -believe it or not- they ARE more Accurate than counting the Individual votes! Since all the 50 States have WILDLY differing Populations; it's just NOT Practical to contact hundreds of thousands of People... It would take TOO long; and be VERY expensive. But if You just contact a couple of thousand people randomly in any given State, & then adjust those #'s against the entire Population, -the resulting Percentage will be Amazingly Accurate in MOST cases! The REAL "Problem" with Polling of ANY kind; is that you're taking a "Snapshot"- of a MOVING target!!! Opinions shift with the wind... So a Poll taken on Monday- is virtually Worthless by Thursday... So the BEST One can ever assume with Polls- is that the MORE of them there are, the MORE likely the Average of ALL of them- will reflect what's REALLY going on "out there..." :)
Polls are in Percentages (& probably always WILL BE), because -believe it or not- they ARE more Accurate than counting the Individual votes! Since all the 50 States have WILDLY differing Populations; it's just NOT Practical to contact hundreds of thousands of People... It would take TOO long; and be VERY expensive. But if You just contact a couple of thousand people randomly in any given State, & then adjust those #'s against the entire Population, -the resulting Percentage will be Amazingly Accurate in MOST cases! The REAL "Problem" with Polling of ANY kind; is that you're taking a "Snapshot"- of a MOVING target!!! Opinions shift with the wind... So a Poll taken on Monday- is virtually Worthless by Thursday... So the BEST One can ever assume with Polls- is that the MORE of them there are, the MORE likely the Average of ALL of them- will reflect what's REALLY going on "out there..." :)
How does the race system work in Brazil?
tyrese
I am asking this because I am intrigued. I know Obama was referred to as black by many Brazilian news outlets, but I am also mixed black and jewish and one Brazilian exchange student said I was "mulatto" or "moreno". I am confused and intrigued. What do each of these terms mean? and what are examples of each one? I am just curious because I know different countries have different meanings when it comes to race.
White
Black
Pardo
Cafe au lait
Mestizo
Moreno
Mulatto
Answer
Hello,
First, I have to say: there is no racial system in Brazil. All Brazilians are equal under the law. In Brazil, racism is crime non-bailable provided by law. Anyway, people here usually don't think about racial questions. Being a multiracial country is very natural for us, as a cultural matter and Brazilians are very peaceful.
1- According to the official statistics of IBGE (Geographical Institute of the Government) Brazilians are today:
White - 47,3%
Pardos - 43,1%
Black - 7,6%
Yellow/Asians - 2,1% (most of them are descendant of Japanese)
Amerindian - 0,3%
2- Historically:
White = European and Middle Eastern
Black = Africans (center and south)
Red = Amerindians (native Americans)
Yellow = Eastern Asians
Cafuso = amerindian + black
Mulatos = white + black
Caboclo ou Mameluco = white + amerindian
Actress Dira Paes (amerindian + white):
http://alfredojunior.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/dira-paes-2011.jpg
3- In popular language:
White = light skinned. Example: portuguese, spanish, italian, german, polish, russian, lebanese, arab, jewish etc. Example: Gisele Bündchen (top model).
http://alturasepesos.com.br/giseles.jpg
Obs: Most of white Brazilians have tanned skin because of the sunny weather (very hot). Majority of people here live in the coast. You can not confund "tanned skin" with "pardo".
Black = african features (dark skin, curly hair, african nose...)
Example: Seu Jorge (singer and actor)
http://www.r2cpress.com.br/v1/wp-content/uploads/Seu-Jorge-1.jpg
Pardo = Mestizo = Multiracial = any racial mixture.
Example: Ronaldo (soccer player) is pardo (mixed).
http://mendesites.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/ronaldo1.jpg
Café au lait (french) = coffee with milk = brown skin. However, in Brazil people call it "marrom bombom" (it means "brown bonbon"). Example: Alcione (samba singer)
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrAMgHMQb7qGAiMSjX2mngSGPhw6AjesvtezpDkZSRir4sWVYdaikDAOXTg-ZDWmd_d73PoTzS2Qoji2EI4Da46Ay6M5-jB1YXWsWT5kfzn8IipaWAlVRr8DAvVxus26DxPa89HSTso0Q/s320/alcione2.jpg
Mulatto (male) or mulatta (fem) = ligh black or brown skin
http://oglobo.globo.com/blogs/arquivos_upload/2009/02/112_2146-monalisa1.jpg
Moreno (male) or morena (fem) - two meanings: 1- correct: brunette (white skin, black hair); 2- popular: a light black or light brown person.
Nikkey = Nipo-Brazilian (Japanese + Brazilian):
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUpG5zBs4iFjq3oce0A-ha80g0xjhI_yzUntKIRAQ8ifDh4eeqN42jW23pW8ZxOqkbpCEZnG5kKLGb77I9zOOSYrUw5bV4vtpo-T2TT2lVoaEBYztBxEzFP8-guCPtyj4IkYG2KddxA6LV/s400/MayumiNakashimaMorschSC.jpg
Hello,
First, I have to say: there is no racial system in Brazil. All Brazilians are equal under the law. In Brazil, racism is crime non-bailable provided by law. Anyway, people here usually don't think about racial questions. Being a multiracial country is very natural for us, as a cultural matter and Brazilians are very peaceful.
1- According to the official statistics of IBGE (Geographical Institute of the Government) Brazilians are today:
White - 47,3%
Pardos - 43,1%
Black - 7,6%
Yellow/Asians - 2,1% (most of them are descendant of Japanese)
Amerindian - 0,3%
2- Historically:
White = European and Middle Eastern
Black = Africans (center and south)
Red = Amerindians (native Americans)
Yellow = Eastern Asians
Cafuso = amerindian + black
Mulatos = white + black
Caboclo ou Mameluco = white + amerindian
Actress Dira Paes (amerindian + white):
http://alfredojunior.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/dira-paes-2011.jpg
3- In popular language:
White = light skinned. Example: portuguese, spanish, italian, german, polish, russian, lebanese, arab, jewish etc. Example: Gisele Bündchen (top model).
http://alturasepesos.com.br/giseles.jpg
Obs: Most of white Brazilians have tanned skin because of the sunny weather (very hot). Majority of people here live in the coast. You can not confund "tanned skin" with "pardo".
Black = african features (dark skin, curly hair, african nose...)
Example: Seu Jorge (singer and actor)
http://www.r2cpress.com.br/v1/wp-content/uploads/Seu-Jorge-1.jpg
Pardo = Mestizo = Multiracial = any racial mixture.
Example: Ronaldo (soccer player) is pardo (mixed).
http://mendesites.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/ronaldo1.jpg
Café au lait (french) = coffee with milk = brown skin. However, in Brazil people call it "marrom bombom" (it means "brown bonbon"). Example: Alcione (samba singer)
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrAMgHMQb7qGAiMSjX2mngSGPhw6AjesvtezpDkZSRir4sWVYdaikDAOXTg-ZDWmd_d73PoTzS2Qoji2EI4Da46Ay6M5-jB1YXWsWT5kfzn8IipaWAlVRr8DAvVxus26DxPa89HSTso0Q/s320/alcione2.jpg
Mulatto (male) or mulatta (fem) = ligh black or brown skin
http://oglobo.globo.com/blogs/arquivos_upload/2009/02/112_2146-monalisa1.jpg
Moreno (male) or morena (fem) - two meanings: 1- correct: brunette (white skin, black hair); 2- popular: a light black or light brown person.
Nikkey = Nipo-Brazilian (Japanese + Brazilian):
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUpG5zBs4iFjq3oce0A-ha80g0xjhI_yzUntKIRAQ8ifDh4eeqN42jW23pW8ZxOqkbpCEZnG5kKLGb77I9zOOSYrUw5bV4vtpo-T2TT2lVoaEBYztBxEzFP8-guCPtyj4IkYG2KddxA6LV/s400/MayumiNakashimaMorschSC.jpg
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